STR基因位點由長度為3～7個堿基對的短串連重復序列組成，這些重復序列廣泛存在于人類基因組中，可作為高度多態性標記，被稱為細胞的DNA指紋，其可通過PCR（聚合酶鏈式反應）來檢測。STR基因座位上的等位基因可通過擴增區域內重復序列的拷貝數的不同來區分，在毛細管電泳分離之后可通過熒光檢測來識別。隨后通過一定的計算方法，即可根據所得的STR分型結果與專業的細胞STR數據庫比對從而推算出樣品所屬的細胞系或可能的交叉污染的細胞系名稱。（美國的ATCC 細胞庫、德國的DSMZ細胞庫以及日本的JCRB細胞庫等為STR 分型提供了各細胞株的數據供比對。）
實驗方案：
樣本要求：
細胞團>106個，或一瓶活細胞，或凍存細胞>106個；或DNA濃度>50ng/μl，體積>20μl
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